PAK-E3

Grid-side energy storage systems make the grid safer, more economical, and greener.

1. Power balance

• Peak shaving and valley filling: discharging at load peaks and charging at low loads, replacing or delaying the construction of new gas-fired peaking power stations.

• Cross-day/cross-week energy time shift: “transfer” excess new energy power to periods of power shortage to increase renewable penetration.

• Reserve capacity: Provides 10 min-2 h spinning reserve and non-spinning reserve, and responds within seconds in case of an accident.

2. Frequency stability

• Primary frequency modulation: millisecond-level perception of frequency deviation, instantaneous throughput power, and suppression of frequency drops/rises.

• Secondary frequency regulation (AGC): Continuously fine-tune the output according to the dispatching instructions to maintain 50 Hz±0.1 Hz.

• Inertia support: In systems with a high proportion of new energy, the inertia of traditional units is simulated through virtual inertia algorithms.

3. Voltage and reactive power

• Fast reactive power regulation: PCS four-quadrant operation, ±100 % rated capacity reactive power throughput, replaces SVG/SVC.

• Voltage sag suppression: Inject reactive power within 10 ms to avoid tripping of sensitive loads.

• Black start: After the accident comes to a complete stop, the grid voltage frequency is independently established to drive the gas turbine/hydropower unit to connect to the grid.

4. Optimization of power transmission and distribution assets

• Line congestion relief: Reverse power transmission during heavy load periods on the transmission section improves section utilization by 10-30%.

• Delay expansion: For "stuck neck" substations or distribution lines, use energy storage to cut peaks and delay the construction interval for 3-7 years.

• Dynamic capacity increase: short-term overload operation, changing the thermal stability limit of the line from static value to dynamic value.

5. Grid-friendly new energy sources

• Power smoothing: suppress the 1-min fluctuation rate of wind power to ≤ ±5%, and the 10-s fluctuation rate of photovoltaic power to ≤ ±2%.

• Climbing control: Limit the change rate of wind and solar output to avoid frequent adjustments of conventional units.

• Power curtailment reduction: Store excess power during limited delivery periods, and then deliver it when the channel has capacity.

6. Electricity market and value-added services

• Spot electricity energy arbitrage: buy low, sell high, and make profits by taking advantage of intraday price differences and real-time price differences.

• Frequency regulation auxiliary services: Participate in the frequency regulation market to obtain capacity + mileage compensation and increase kWh income.